Tuesday, September 25, 2018

Rape of Manila - A history

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RAMPAGE: MACARTHUR, YAMASHITA, 
AND THE BATTLE OF MANILA (1945)

The definitive history of one of the most brutal campaigns of the war in the Pacific.

UPDATE: AUDIO OF PRESENTATION AVAILABLE HERE.

Wednesday, September 26, 2018
Noon-2:00 PM

Sponsors
Asia Policy Point and Sigur Center for Asian Studies

Speaker
Author, James M. Scott
author of Target Tokyo, a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize; The War Below, and The Attack on the Liberty

Commentator
Richard Frank, Pacific War History Inc., author Downfall: The End of the Imperial Japanese Empire (1999)

Location
Sigur Center
The Elliott School for International Affairs
George Washington University
1957 E St., NW, Suite 503
Washington, DC 

Before World War II, Manila was a slice of America in Asia, populated with elegant neoclassical buildings, spacious parks, and home to thousands of U.S. servicemen and business executives who enjoyed the relaxed pace of the tropics. The outbreak of the war, however, brought an end to the good life. General Douglas MacArthur, hoping to protect the Pearl of the Orient, declared the Philippine capital an open city and evacuated his forces. The Japanese seized Manila on January 2, 1942, rounding up and interning thousands of Americans.

MacArthur, who escaped soon after to Australia, famously vowed to return. For nearly three years, he clawed his way north, obsessed with redeeming his promise and turning his earlier defeat into victory. By early 1945, he prepared to liberate Manila, a city whose residents by then faced widespread starvation. Convinced the Japanese would abandon the city as he did, MacArthur planned a victory parade down Dewey Boulevard. But the enemy had other plans. Determined to fight to the death, Japanese marines barricaded intersections, converted buildings into fortresses, and booby-trapped stores, graveyards, and even dead bodies.

The twenty-nine-day battle to liberate Manila resulted in the catastrophic destruction of the city and a rampage by Japanese forces that brutalized the civilian population. Landmarks were demolished, houses were torched, suspected resistance fighters were tortured and killed, countless women were raped, and their husbands and children were murdered. American troops had no choice but to battle the enemy, floor by floor and even room by room, through schools, hospitals, and even sports stadiums. In the end, an estimated 100,000 civilians lost their lives in a massacre as heinous as the Rape of Nanking.

Based on extensive research in the United States and the Philippines, including war-crimes testimony, after-action reports, and survivor interviews, Rampage recounts one of the most heartbreaking chapters of Pacific war history.

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